[Jan 21, 2026] 100% Real & Accurate PCA Questions with Free and Fast Updates [Q29-Q51]

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[Jan 21, 2026] 100% Real & Accurate PCA Questions with Free and Fast Updates

Self-Study Guide for Becoming an Prometheus Certified Associate Exam Expert

Linux Foundation PCA Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Topic 1	Alerting and Dashboarding: This section of the exam assesses the competencies of Cloud Operations Engineers and focuses on monitoring visualization and alert management. It covers dashboarding basics, alerting rules configuration, and the use of Alertmanager to handle notifications. Candidates also learn the core principles of when, what, and why to trigger alerts, ensuring they can create reliable monitoring dashboards and proactive alerting systems to maintain system stability.
Topic 2	Prometheus Fundamentals: This domain evaluates the knowledge of DevOps Engineers and emphasizes the core architecture and components of Prometheus. It includes topics such as configuration and scraping techniques, limitations of the Prometheus system, data models and labels, and the exposition format used for data collection. The section ensures a solid grasp of how Prometheus functions as a monitoring and alerting toolkit within distributed environments.
Topic 3	PromQL: This section of the exam measures the skills of Monitoring Specialists and focuses on Prometheus Query Language (PromQL) concepts. It covers data selection, calculating rates and derivatives, and performing aggregations across time and dimensions. Candidates also study the use of binary operators, histograms, and timestamp metrics to analyze monitoring data effectively, ensuring accurate interpretation of system performance and trends.
Topic 4	Observability Concepts: This section of the exam measures the skills of Site Reliability Engineers and covers the essential principles of observability used in modern systems. It focuses on understanding metrics, logs, and tracing mechanisms such as spans, as well as the difference between push and pull data collection methods. Candidates also learn about service discovery processes and the fundamentals of defining and maintaining SLOs, SLAs, and SLIs to monitor performance and reliability.
Topic 5	Instrumentation and Exporters: This domain evaluates the abilities of Software Engineers and addresses the methods for integrating Prometheus into applications. It includes the use of client libraries, the process of instrumenting code, and the proper structuring and naming of metrics. The section also introduces exporters that allow Prometheus to collect metrics from various systems, ensuring efficient and standardized monitoring implementation.

NEW QUESTION 29
Which of the following metrics is unsuitable for a Prometheus setup?

prometheus_engine_query_log_enabled

promhttp_metric_handler_requests_total{code=”500″}

http_response_total{handler=”static/*filepath”}

user_last_login_timestamp_seconds{email=”[email protected]”}

NEW QUESTION 30
Which PromQL expression computes the rate of API Server requests across the different cloud providers from the following metrics?
apiserver_request_total{job=”kube-apiserver”, instance=”192.168.1.220:6443″, cloud=”aws”} 1 apiserver_request_total{job=”kube-apiserver”, instance=”192.168.1.121:6443″, cloud=”gcloud”} 5

rate(apiserver_request_total{job=”kube-apiserver”}[5m]) by (cloud)

sum by (cloud) (apiserver_request_total{job=”kube-apiserver”})

sum by (cloud)(rate(apiserver_request_total{job=”kube-apiserver”}[5m]))

rate(sum by (cloud)(apiserver_request_total{job=”kube-apiserver”})[5m])

NEW QUESTION 31
Given the metric prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds, how do you know in which month the lowest timestamp of your Prometheus TSDB belongs?

(time() – prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds) / 86400

format_date(prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds,”%M”)

month(prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds)

prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds % month

NEW QUESTION 32
Where does Prometheus store its time series data by default?

In-memory only.

In an embedded TSDB on local disk.

In an external database such as InfluxDB.

In etcd.

NEW QUESTION 33
How would you name a metric that tracks HTTP request duration?

request_duration_seconds

http.request_latency

http_request_duration

http_request_duration_seconds

NEW QUESTION 34
Which metric type uses the delta() function?

Info

Histogram

Gauge

Counter

NEW QUESTION 35
What should you do with counters that have labels?

Investigate if you can move their label value inside their metric name to limit the number of labels.

Make sure every counter with labels has an extra counter, aggregated, without labels.

Instantiate them with their possible label values when creating them so they are exposed with a zero value.

Save their state between application runs so you can restore their last value on startup.

NEW QUESTION 36
Which Alertmanager feature allows you to temporarily stop notifications for a specific alert?

Silence

Inhibition

Deduplication

Grouping

NEW QUESTION 37
How can you send metrics from your Prometheus setup to a remote system, e.g., for long-term storage?

With “scraping”

With “remote write”

With S3 Buckets

With “federation”

NEW QUESTION 38
What is the difference between client libraries and exporters?

Exporters are written in Go. Client libraries are written in many languages.

Exporters expose metrics for scraping. Client libraries push metrics via Remote Write.

Exporters run next to the services to monitor, and use client libraries internally.

Exporters and client libraries mean the same thing.

NEW QUESTION 39
You’d like to monitor a short-lived batch job. What Prometheus component would you use?

PullProxy

PushGateway

PushProxy

PullGateway

NEW QUESTION 40
What is the maximum number of Alertmanagers that can be added to a Prometheus instance?

More than 3

NEW QUESTION 41
Which of the following signals belongs to symptom-based alerting?

API latency

Disk space

Database availability

CPU usage

NEW QUESTION 42
What are Inhibition rules?

Inhibition rules mute a set of alerts when another matching alert is firing.

Inhibition rules repeat a set of alerts when another matching alert is firing.

Inhibition rules inject a new set of alerts when a matching alert is firing.

Inhibition rules inspect alerts when a matching set of alerts is firing.

NEW QUESTION 43
Which PromQL expression computes how many requests in total are currently in-flight for the following time series data?
apiserver_current_inflight_requests{instance=”1″} 5
apiserver_current_inflight_requests{instance=”2″} 7

min(apiserver_current_inflight_requests)

sum(apiserver_current_inflight_requests)

max(apiserver_current_inflight_requests)

sum_over_time(apiserver_current_inflight_requests[10m])

NEW QUESTION 44
How do you configure the rule evaluation interval in Prometheus?

You can configure the evaluation interval in the global configuration file and in the rule configuration file.

You can configure the evaluation interval in the service discovery configuration and in the command-line flags.

You can configure the evaluation interval in the scraping job configuration file and in the command-line flags.

You can configure the evaluation interval in the Prometheus TSDB configuration file and in the rule configuration file.

NEW QUESTION 45
Given the metric prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds, how do you know in which month the lowest timestamp of your Prometheus TSDB belongs?

format_date(prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds,”%M”)

prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds % month

month(prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds)

(time() – prometheus_tsdb_lowest_timestamp_seconds) / 86400

NEW QUESTION 46
What’s “wrong” with the myapp_filG_uploads_total{userid=,,5123″,status=”failed”} metric?

The userid should not be exposed as a label.

The status should not be exposed as a label.

The _total suffix should be omitted.

The metric name should consist of dashes instead of underscores.

NEW QUESTION 47
What function calculates the tp-quantile from a histogram?

histogram_quantile()

histogram()

predict_linear()

avg_over_time()

NEW QUESTION 48
With the following metrics over the last 5 minutes:
up{instance=”localhost”} 1 1 1 1 1
up{instance=”server1″} 1 0 0 0 0
What does the following query return:
min_over_time(up[5m])

{instance=”localhost”} 1 {instance=”server1″} 0

{instance=”server1″} 0

NEW QUESTION 49
Which of the following is an invalid @ modifier expression?

go_goroutines @ start()

sum(http_requests_total{method=”GET”}) @ 1609746000

go_goroutines @ end()

sum(http_requests_total{method=”GET”} @ 1609746000)

NEW QUESTION 50
What does the increase() function do in PromQL?

Calculates the percentage increase of a counter over time.

Returns the absolute increase in a counter over a specified range.

Calculates the derivative of a gauge over time.

Returns the total sum of values in a vector.

NEW QUESTION 51
Which function would you use to calculate the 95th percentile latency from histogram data?

quantile_over_time(0.95, http_request_duration_seconds[5m])

histogram_quantile(0.95, sum(rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[5m])) by (le))

percentile(http_request_duration_seconds, 0.95)

topk(0.95, http_request_duration_seconds)

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[Jan 21, 2026] 100% Real & Accurate PCA Questions with Free and Fast Updates [Q29-Q51]

Linux Foundation PCA Exam Syllabus Topics:

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